Why Ultra Small Gold Conjugates

aurion A cross section of dendrite (D) from monkey thalamus, receiving synaptic contacts from three axon terminals. Terminal t1 is filled with anterograde HRP tracer, and it makes an asymmetric contact (arrows) onto the dendrite. Terminal t2 is GABA immuno-positive, and it makes a symmetric contact (arrow heads) onto the dendrite. Rabbit anti-GABA primary antibodies were labeled with Aurion Ultra-Small gold conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody and, in turn, silver enhanced with Aurion SE-EM for 12 minutes.
Courtesy of Mrs. Hong Yi, Dept. of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA

Ultra Small Particle Size

more gold particles per secondary antibody instead of more antibodies per gold particle
reduced steric hinderance
more gold particles per surface area in the specimen

Reduced Molecular Weight

increased diffusion rates
ultra small probes behave similar as uncoupled antibodies

Reduced Probe Size

reduced overall probe size
reduced hydrodynamic radius (less rigid water coat of water dipoles surrounding negatively charged gold particle)
significantly increased penetration into sections and tissues

The Choice for Ligand-Receptor Interactions

each ligand is separate
no capping or patching, each probe unit consists of a single ligand

Universal Probes

optimally suited for high resolution EM
optimally suited for standard immunoelectron microscopy
optimally suited for immunohistochemistry at the LM level
optimally suited for bio-assays

One Probe for All Purposes

direct comparability of results and approaches
probes can be used for labeling at the LM and EM level

Immunogold Silver Staining of E-cadherin on a paraffin section of human skin.
Courtesy of R. Moella, Dept. of Exp. Path., EUR, The Netherlands.

Mouse monoclonal anti E-cadherin
GAM lgG UltraSmall
Aurion R-Gent SE-LM

The Aurion Method

clean and clear results
reproducible and reliable
synergistic products
optimal signal to noise ratio

AURION Products

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